THE PROPHET’S KHUTBAH DURING HAJJATUL-WADA'(FAREWELL HAJJ)
During Hajjatul-Wada’ (Farewell Hajj) on the tenth year of Hijrah, the Prophet delivered a speech to pilgrims:
“All thanks are due to Alláh, Whom we thank, seek for help, invoke for forgiveness and repent to. We seek refuge with Alláh from the evils wíthin ourselves and from the burden of our evil deeds. He who Alláh guides wíll never be misled and he whom He misguídes will never find one to guide him. I bear witness that there is no deity worthy of worship except Alláh Alone, Who ís without partners, and that Muhammad is His slave and Messenger. O slaves of Alláh! 1 recommend you to have fear from Alláh and encourage you to obey Him, starting my speech with that which is better. O people! Hear from me and I will explain to you, for I do not know if I will meet you after this year of yours and this gathering of yours (at ‘Arafah).
“O people! Verily, your blood and property are sacred to one another (i.e., Muslims) until you meet your Lord, like the sanctity of this day of yours, in this month of yours and in this city of yours. Verily, you will meet your Lord and He will ask you about your actions, and I have indeed conveyed. Therefore, anyone among you who was entrusted let him give the trust back to those who entrusted them (upon request). Verily, every transaction of Riba (usury) is annulled, but you will have only your capital. You will neither commit injustice, nor will you be wronged. Alláh has decided that there should be no more Riba, and the Riba of AJ-Abbas bin Abdul Muttalib (the Prophet’s uncle) is also annulled. Verily, all blood feuds from the time of Jahiliyyah (the pre-Islamic era of ignorance and polytheism) are annulled. I start with annulling the blood feud of the son of Rabiah bin AI-Harith bin AbduJ Muttalib, who was nursed in the area of the tribe of Bani Laith, and whom the tríbe of Huthail killed. It is the first blood feud from the time of Jahiliyyah that I annul. Verily, the vírtues prized during the Jahiliyyah all annulled, except As-Sidanah (maintaíning the Ka’bah) and As-Siqáyah (providing the pilgrims with water). Verily, intentional murder warrants the Law of Equality (execution, unless relatives of the víctim accept blood money and forgíve), while semi-intentional murder is that which results from being kilIed by a staff, or a rock and warrants a Diyyah (blood money) of a hundred camels. He who raises this amount will be among the people of Jahiliyyah. O people! Satan has given up hope that he will ever be worshipped in this land of yours, so he is content that he is obeyed in whatever remains other than that, especially the evil acts that you belittle. Therefore, beware of his danger to your religion. O people:
“The postponing is indeed an addition to disbelief: thereby the disbelievers are led astray, for they make it lawful one year and forbid it another year in order to adjust the number of months forbidden by Alláh, and make such forbidden ones lawful.” (9:37)
Verily, the division of time has turned to its original form, which was current when Allah created the Heavens and the Earth. The year to Alláh are of twelve months, out of which four months are sacred: Three are in succession Dhül-Qa’dah, Dhül-Hijja and Muharram, and (the fourth is) Rajab of (the tribe of) Mudhar which comes between Jumadi-Ath-Thaniyah and Shaban.
“O people! You have rights on your wives and they have rights on you. You have the right that they do not allow someone you dislike to step on your mat (i.e., in your home) and that they do not commit ill-conduct. If they do, then Alláh has allowed you to refuse to share their beds, and beat them lightly (if it is useful). But, if they refrain and return to obedience, then they have the right to be spent on and clothed, according to what is reasonable. Treat women kindly, for they are your helpers and do not own any benefit for themselves. You took them (as wives) by Alláh’s Covenant and allowed them to enjoy them sexually by Alláhs Word. Therefore, fear Alláh regarding women and treat them kindly.
“O people! Comprehend my words, for 1 have indeed conveyed (the Message). I have left with you two things, and if you hold to them, you will never fall into misguidance, for they are plain and clear: the Book of Allah (the Quran ) and the Sunnah of His Prophet(pbuh).
“O people! Hear my statement and comprehend it: know that every Muslim is the brother of the Muslim and that all Muslims are brethren. No Muslim is allowed from his brother’s property except what he gives away with a good heart, so do not wrong each other. I ask you by Alláh , have I conveyed?” They said, “Yes, by Alláh!” The Messenger of Alláh said, “O Alláh, be the Witness. Do not revert to disbelief (become infidels) after me by striking the necks (cutting the throats) of one another (killing each other).
“O people! Your Lord is One and your father is one, for all of you are from Adam and Adam was created from dust. Verily, the most honorable of you with Alláh is that (believer) who has At-Taqwá (piety). Verily, an Arab has no virtue above a non-Arab except by the Taqwá. Have I conveyed it?” They said, “Yes.” He said, “It is incumbent upon those who are present to convey this information to those who are absent.
“O people! Alláh has appointed a designated share for each rightful inheritor, so there is no will for a rightful inheritor. None should give away more than a third of his will. The child belongs to the bed (where he was born), and for the adulterer is the stone (i.e., deprivation). Verily, he who claims a father other than his own father, or takes possession of a dependent other than his own, then on him will be the curse of Alláh, the angels, and all of mankind, and Alláh will not accept from him any prayer or fast. May Allah’ s peace and blessings be unto you.'”
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