THE CONQUEST OF ASH-SHAAM
By the beginning of the 13″‘ year of Hijra, Abu Bakr As- Sidceq, may Allah be pleased with him, had already decided to muster an army and dispatch it to Ash-Shaam (the Levant) after his return from Hajj. This was in compliance with the example of Prophet Muhammad, peace and blessings be upon him, and Allah’s words:
“O ye who believe fight the Unbelievers who gird you about, and let them find firmness in you: and know that Allah is with those who fear him. ” (At-Tawbah: 123)
“Now, if they turn away (O Muhammad) say: Allah sufficeth me. There is no God save Him. In Him have I put my trust, and He is Lord of the Tremendous Throne. “(At-Tawbah: 129)
He led the army to Ash-Shaam, and reached it in very hot weather, but only after passing through a great deal of hardship. The Prophet , peace and blessings be upon him, a year before his death, dispatched Usamah Ibn Zayd as commander of an army to set off on a campaign to the areas surrounding the Levant. After Abu Bakr had controlled the whole Arabian Peninsula, he dispatched an army under the command of Khalid Ibn Al-Waleed, may Allah be pleased with him, under expedition to Iraq, with the intention of approaching the Levant as well. So he sent a letter to ‘ Amr Ibn Al-‘Aas, whom he had assigned to levy the alms of Quda’ah along with Al-Waleed Ibn ‘ Uqbah, urging him to join the army that was to be sent to the Levant.
When Abu Bakr, may Allah be pleased with him, mobilized the army, he gave an eloquent speech to the soldiers. He first praised Allah and then began to urge the people to perform Jihad in the Cause of Almighty Allah. Afterwards, Abu Bakr started to divide the army into brigades and to assign the leader of each brigade.
(Source: Biographies of the Rightly Guided Caliphs.)
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