THE BATTLE OF MADHAAR
When Hormuz knew of the march of Khalid and his forces to Kazimah, he sent to the king of Persia, Aradesheer, seeking help and reinforcement. The king dispatched an army from Madaa’in, (lie capital, under the command of Qaarin Ibn Quryans. flic Persian army marched along the left bank of the Tigris. They crossed the Tigris at Madhaar, and there they came to know of the defeat of the Persians at Kazimah. Qaarin camped at Madhaar, and soon the remnants of the army of Hormuz who had escaped from Kazimah joined the camp.
Qaarin was shocked that the imperial army of Persia under such a General as Hormuz should have been defeated by the uncouth Arabs. He resolved that he would avenge the defeat of Kazimah and drive the Arabs to the desert.
In the meantime, the advance guard of Al-Muthanna, who scoured the countryside, came to know of the Persian concentration at Madhaar. Al-Muthanna sent news of the situation to Khalid and halted opposite the Persians at Madhaar. On the other hand, Qaarin got information that some Muslim forces were lurking in the neighborhood, and his plan was to fall on this Muslim force and destroy it, before it could get help from the main Muslim army.
Khalid realized the danger that beset the column of AI- Muthanna. Khalid was keen that he should destroy the Persian force under Qaarin while the impact of the defeat at Kazimah was still fresh in the Persian mind. By forced marches, Khalid reached Madhaar in the month of Safar, 12 AH, before Qaarin could take any action against the column of Al-Muthanna. The Persian forces fought with great tenacity, but the Muslims finally achieved victory. Qaarin and almost 30,000 soldiers of the Persian army were killed in the battle. It was also the second victory the Muslims won against the Persians. Heavy spoils were won in the battle, which exceeded the booty gained at Kazimah. Four-fifths of the spoils were distributed among the soldiers and one-fifth share was sent to Madeenah.
(Source: Biographies of the Rightly Guided Caliphs.)
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