THE AGGREGATE EVENTS THAT OCCURRED IN THE 2ND YEAR OF HIJRAH
We earlier related the story of the Prophet’s marriage to ‘A’ishah, the Mother of the Believers. We also mentioned what had transpired in various notable military expeditions. It also included the death of several notable Muslims and disbelievers within the same period. Among those who died included the martyrs of Badr. There were fourteen, from both the Muhajirun and the Ansar, whose names we have mentioned earlier. It also included chiefs of the polytheists of Quraish. There were seventy men according to the popular view; and right after the Battle of Badr, Abu Lahab Abdul-‘Uzza Ibn ‘Abdul-Muttalib also died, may Allah’s curse be upon him, as mentioned earlier as well.
Zaid Ibn Harithah and ‘Abdullah Ibn Rawaahah gave the good news to the Believers in Madinah that Allah defeated the Mushrikeen and gave victory to the Muslims. [When the Muslims returned] they found that Ruqayyah, the daughter of Allah’s Messenger, had died and had been buried. Her husband, ‘Uthman had stayed behind to look after her upon the orders of the Prophet. This is why he was given a portion from the booty of Badr and his reward also lies with Allah on the Day of Judgment. Thereafter, the Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him, gave him Umm Kulthoom, the daughter of Allah’s Messenger, for marriage. This is why ‘Uthman was referred to as Dhum-Noorain (the possessor of two lights). It is also said that no one married two daughters of the Prophet, one after the other, except him. May Allah be pleased with him.
In the same period, the direction of the Qiblah was changed, as mentioned earlier; the prayer of a resident person was also increased. In the same period, Zakatul-Fitr (charity given at the end of Ramadan fast) was also made obligatory. It also witnessed the subjugation of the polytheists of Madinah as well as the Jews who also lived in Madinah from Banu Qainuqa’, Banu Nadeer, Banu Quraizah and the Jews of Banu Harithah. Many of the polytheists and Jews openly declared Islam but in reality they were hypocrites. Some of them remained upon their disbelief and some of them became thoroughly confused and so they dilly-dallied. They were neither here nor there and as Allah described them in the Qur’an: “(They are) swaying between this and that, belonging neither to these nor to those who also accepted Islam.”
The 3rd Year of Hijrah
The invasion of Najd occurred in the beginning of the third year of Hijrah. The invasion is also known as Dhu Amarr. Ibn Ishaq said that when the Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him, returned from the invasion of As-Saweeq, he remained in Madinah for the remainder of Dhul-Hijjah or close to it. Then he carried out the invasion of Najd against Ghatafan, it was also known as the Battle of
Dhu Amarr. Ibn Hisham added: He appointed over Madinah in his place, ‘Uthman Ibn ‘Affaan. Ibn Ishaq continued: Spending nearly the entire month of Safar in Najd, the Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him, returned to Madinah without any fighting.
The Arabs escaped from him into the mountain peaks. The Muslims marched till they reached a watering hole called Dhu Amarr and they encamped there. There was a heavy downpour and the cloth of Allah’s Messenger was drenched so he rested under a tree and spread his cloth in order to dry it. All of these happened within the purview of the Mushrikeen and they became engrossed in their affairs. Finally, the Mushrikoon sent a brave man called Ghawrath Ibn Al-Harith or Du’thoor Ibn Al-Harith and they gave him a clear instruction: “Allah will enable you to kill Muhammad.” So the man set off on his mission. He stood over the Messenger of Allah with a drawn sword and said: “O Muhammad, who will save you from me today?” “Allah,” the Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him, said calmly. Jibraeel struck the chest of the man and the sword fell off his hand and the Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him, took it and said to him: “Who will save you from me?” and the man said: “No one but I bear witness that none deserves to be worshipped but Allah and that Muhammad is the Messenger of Allah.”
By Allah, no host can ever overcome him. Then the Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him, returned his sword to him. When the man returned to his people, they inquired of him: “Woe be to you, what happened to you?” He said: “I saw a tall man who hit me on the chest and I fell flat on my back and I knew it was an angel and I bore witness that Muhammad is a Messenger of Allah and, by Allah, no host can ever overcome him.” He kept inviting his people to Islam. It is concerning this that Allah revealed: O you who believe! Remember the Favor of Allah unto you when some people desired (made a plan) to stretch out their hands against you, but (Allah) withheld their hands from you. So fear Allah. And in Allah let Believers put their trust. (Surah Al-Ma’idah 5:11)
By: Ibn Katheer
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