FIQH 1.145: SUNNAH ACTS OF PRAYER, WHEN THE PRAYER IS TO BE ALOUD OR SUBDUED
It is sunnah to recite aloud in the two rak’ah of the morning and the Friday congregational prayer, in the first two rak’ah of the evening and the night prayer, in the two ‘eid prayers, the prayer for eclipses, and the prayer of asking for rain. The recital should be subdued during all of the noon and the afternoon prayer, during the last rak’ah of the evening prayer, and during the last two rak’ah of the night prayer. Concerning voluntary prayers, those made during the days should be subdued, while
those made during the night can be either loud or subdued.
FIQH 1.145 A: SUNNAH ACTS OF PRAYER, IT IS BEST TO BE MODERATE IN ONE’S RECITAL
One night, the Prophet, upon whom be peace, passed by Abu Bakr when he was praying in a very low voice, and he passed by ‘Umar who was praying with his voice raised. (Later), when they were together with him, he said, “O Abu Bakr, I passed by you and you were praying in a very low voice.” He said, “O Messenger of Allah, the one who I was praying to could hear me.” And he said to ‘Umar, “O ‘Umar, I passed by you and you were praying with a raised voice.” He said, “O Messenger of Allah, this was to
stop the drowsiness and to drive away Satan.” The Prophet, upon whom be peace, said, “O Abu Bakr, raise your voice somewhat. And ‘Umar, lower your voice somewhat.” (Related by Abu Dawud and Ahmad.) If one forgets and recites aloud when he should be silent or vice-versa, there is no blame upon him. If one recalls the correction while he is doing the mistaken act, he may change to the correct way.
Source: Fiqh us-Sunnah
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