CHAPTER 47: THE PROPHET’S FORMATION OF BROTHERHOOD BETWEEN THE MUHAJIROON AND THE ANSAR
THE PROPHET’S FORMATION OF BROTHERHOOD BETWEEN THE MUHAJIROON AND THE ANSAR
Allah says: “And those who, before them, had homes (in Madinah) and had adopted the Faith, love those who emigrate to them, and have no jealousy in their breasts for that which they have been given (from the booty of Bani An-Nadir), and give them (emigrants) preference over themselves, even though they were in need of that.
And whosoever is saved from his own covetousness, such are they who will be the successful.” (Al-Hashr [59]:9)
He also says: “And to everyone, We have appointed heirs of that (property) left by parents and relatives. To those also with whom you have made a pledge (brotherhood), give them their due portion (by Wasiyah – wills, etc.). Truly, Allah is Ever a Witness over all things.” (An-Nisa’ [4]:33)
Al-Bukhari related: Ibn Abbas said, “In the verse: To everyone We have appointed heirs” (an-Nisa’ [4]:33).’ (And regarding the verse) “To those also with whom you have made a pledge (brotherhood)”, Ibn Abbas said, “When the emigrants came to Madinah, the emigrants would inherit the Ansari excluding the latter’s actual relatives (from inheriting) because of the bond of brotherhood which the Prophet established between them (i.e. the emigrants and the Ansar). When the verse: “And to everyone We have appointed heirs” was revealed, it cancelled the bond (the pledge) of brotherhood regarding inheritance).” Then he said, “The verse: ‘To those also with whom you have made a pledge (brotherhood)’, remained valid regarding co-operation and mutual advice, while the matter of inheritance was excluded and it became permissible to assign something in one’s testament to the person who had the right of inheritance before.”
Muhammad Ibn Ishaq said: the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessing of Allah be upon him) formed a pact of brotherhood between the emigrants and the Ansar and he said, we seek Allah’s refuge from attributing to him what he did not say: “Be brothers in Allah pair by pair.” Then he took Ali Ibn Abi Talib’s hand and said: “This is my brother.” Meanwhile, the Messenger was the leader of all the Messengers, the chief of the pious ones and a Messenger of the Lord of the worlds Who has no similitude or counterpart among the servants yet he formed a brotherhood with Ali Ibn Abi Talib. Hamzah Ibn Abdul-Muttalib, the Lion of Allah and the Lion of His Messenger and an uncle to the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessing of Allah be upon him) became a brother to Zaid Ibn Harithah, the freed slave of Allah’s Messenger. Hamzah bequeathed to Zaid on the day of the battle of Uhud in the event of his death. Ja’far Ibn Abi Talib, the possessor of two wings and Mu’adh Ibn Jabal also became brothers. Ibn Hisham added:
“At that time, it was in the absence of Ja’faar while he was at the land of Abyssinia.”
Al-Bukhari related in the chapter of how the Prophet formed the bond of brotherhood between his Companions, that Abdur-Rahman Ibn ‘Awf said, “ When we came to Madinah (as emigrants) Allah’s Messenger (peace and blessing of Allah be upon him) established a bond of brotherhood between me and Sa’d Ibn Ar-Rabee’.” Abu Juhaifah said: The Prophet formed a bond of brotherhood between Salman Al-Farisi and Abud-Darda’, Allah be pleased with them all.
Muhammad Ibn Yoosuf related that Sufyan narrated through Humaid from Anas that: When Abdur-Rahmaan Ibn ‘Awf arrived Al-Madinah, the Prophet formed a bond of brotherhood between him and Sa’d Ibn ar-Rabee’ Al-Ansari. Sa’d offered him one half of his wives and wealth but Abdur-Rahmaan declined saying: “May Allah bless you both in your family and wealth. Rather, show me the way to the market.” Abdur-Rahman went to that market the following day and brought some dried butter-milk (yoghurt) and butter. After a few days, the Prophet saw ‘Abdur-Rahman having traces of yellow (scent) on his body. Allah’s Messenger (peace and blessing of Allah be upon him) said: “What is the matter, O Abdur-Rahman?” and he replied, “I have married a woman from the Ansar.’ Then the Prophet asked, ‘How much did you pay her?’ He replied, ‘(I gave her) a gold piece equal in weigh to a date stone (or a date stone of gold)! The Prophet said, ‘Give a Waleemah (wedding feast) even if with one sheep’.” This version is solely reported by Al-Bukhari. He has also reported in another place. Imam Muslim also related it with different chain through Al-Humaid.
Al-Bukhari related that Abu Hurairah said: The Ansar said to the Prophet (peace and blessing of Allah be upon him), “Divide our date-palms between us and our emigrant brothers.” The Prophet said, “No.” The Ansar said to the emigrants, “You may do the labor (in our gardens) and we will share the fruits with you.” The emigrants said, “We hear and obey.” Al-Bukhari solely related it.
Abdur-Rahman Ibn Zaid Ibn Aslam narrated that Allah’s Messenger (peace and blessing of Allah be upon him) said to the Ansar: “Your brothers have left wealth and children and have emigrated to you.” The Ansar said: “Divide our wealth into portions between us.” The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessing of Allah be upon him) said: “Or something else?” they asked: “What is that O Messenger of Allah?” the Prophet said: “They are people who do not have the knowledge of farming. Let them work on your garden and then share the fruits with them.” And they said: “Yes.”
By Ibn Katheer
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