99. EXPLANATION OF THE FACT ABOUT THE HAJJ OF ALLAH’S MESSENGER FROM MADINAH
Al-Bukhari related to the authority of Anas who said: “Allah’s Messenger performed four ‘Umrahs all of them in the month of Dhul-Qa’dah, except the one which he performed during his Hajj.” The first: out of these ‘Umrahs (of the Prophet) was the ‘Umrah of Al-
Hudaibiyah from which he was prevented. Then after that was the ‘Umrah AlQada’ (redemption). It is also known as the ‘Umrah Al-Qisas (of reprisal). It is equally known as the ‘Umrah of Al-Qadiyyah. Subsequently came the ‘Umrah Al-Ji‘ranah on his return from Ta’if where he distributed the booty of (the battle of) Hunain. Discussions on all of these have proceeded at their proper places.
The fourth ‘Umrah performed by the Prophet was the one he performed along with his Hajj. We shall explain the differences among the people concerning this ‘Umrah, which he performed with the Hajj. Was it (the Hajj) Mutamatti’ such that the ‘Umrah occurred before the Hajj and then he became free (of Ihram) or he was prevented from being free (from Ihram) by his coming with Hady. Or was it Qarin (simultaneous) with his Hajj as we mentioned from the Ahadeeth pointing to that. Or was it Mufrid (i.e.singled out) from the Hajj such that the ‘Umrah occurred after he had completed the Hajj rites. This is the argument of those who subscribe to the fact that it was Ifrad, as is well known from Ash-Shafi‘i. An explanation of these shall be presented during our discussion on his assumption of Ihram to determine whether he undertook Ifrad, Mutamatti’ or Qarin.
Al-Bukhari related on the authority of Zaid Ibn Arqam that the Prophet fought 19 Ghazwahs (battles) and performed Hajj once after he migrated (to Madinah).Abu Ishaq said: “Another one was in Makkah.”
What Abu Ishaq states here is that Allah’s Messenger, (Peace and Blessings of Allah be upon him), performed Hajj in Makkah “another Hajj” implying that he did not perform more than one Hajj in Makkah as is apparent in his wordings, which of course is quite remote. This is because after Prophethood, Allah’s Messenger (Peace and Blessings of Allah be upon him) used to attend the season of Hajj and he would invite the people to Allah saying: “Who would give me protection so that I can deliver the message of my Lord, for the Quraish have prevented me from conveying the message of my Lord?” This remained the case until Allah ordained for him a group of Ansar who met him on
the night of ‘Aqabah, i.e. on the eve of the day of Nahr by the Jamrah Al‘Aqabah, for three years consecutively until the third year when they pledged to him on the night of the second ‘Aqabah which was their third meeting with him. Soon after, the Hijrah to Madinah took place just as we have related earlier in its proper context. And Allah (SWT) knows best.
By: Ibn Katheer
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