98. THE FAREWELL PILGRIMAGE IN THE 10TH YEAR
This is because Allah’s Messenger, (Peace and Blessings of Allah be upon him) bade farewell to the people during it and never performed any other Hajj after it. It is called Hajjat ul-Islam because Allah’s Messenger, (Peace and Blessings of Allah be upon him), never undertook any Hajj from Madinah other than this even though he performed Hajj before the Hijrah several times prior to Prophethood and after it. It is said that the obligation of Hajj was promulgated that year. It is also said that it was obligated in the 9th year while some said it was in the 6th year. Others opine that the obligation was revealed just before the Hijrah but this is very strange. It is called Hajjat ul-Balagh because Allah’s Messenger, (Peace and Blessings of Allah be upon him), conveyed to the people the Islamic law of Hajj both in statement and action. Thus, there was nothing left of the cornerstones and pillars of Islam except that he (Allah’s Messenger) had explained them. He explained to them the laws of Hajj, Allah revealed while he was standing on ‘Arafah: “This day, I have perfected your religion for you, completed My Favor upon you, and have chosen for you Islam as your religion.”
(SoorahAl-Ma’idah 5:3) An explanation of all this will be presented later.
The import of this explanation is to relate the description of the Hajj of the Prophet as there are considerable variances among the narrations concerning it, according to the knowledge that reached each one of the narrators, which caused them to differ especially after the generation of the Companions, Allah be pleased with them all.
Here we cite what the Imams have related in their books from these narrations and we reconcile all of them in a manner that will delight anyone who contemplates and examines them carefully, reconciling between the two routes of the Hadith and understanding their meanings, insha’Allah. In Allah we place our reliance and to Him (all affairs) are entrusted. People have paid considerable attention to the Hajj of the Messenger of Allah, from the earlier scholars to the later ones. ‘Allamah Abu Muhammad Ibn Hazm Al-Andalusi, may Allah have Mercy on him, has compiled an entire volume on the Farewell Pilgrimage demonstrating his mastery in much of it, albeit he had some false impressions which we shall point out in their proper places.
By: Ibn Katheer
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