50. CHAPTER COMPENSATION FOR HUNTING
The fidyah for an ostrich is a camel and for a donkey and its jenny, mountain billy goat, old mountain billy goat and mountain goat it is a cow. For a hyena it is a ram, for a gazelle it is a goat. For the hyrax and desert lizard it is a kid. For the jerboa it is a male kid of a she-goat. For a rabbit it is a female she-goat and for a pigeon it is a sheep.
“Chapter: Compensation for Hunting”: We discussed earlier that hunting is divided into two types: (i) the animals that have a similar type that can be given as a replacement (ii) those that do not. A similar animal should be offered as sacrifice if an animal that is replaceable is killed while a person is in the state of ihram. The sacrificed meat is to be distributed to the poor people of the Haram. He may buy food that is of equivalent value to the animal and feed the poor of the Haram instead.
“For an ostrich”: The fidyah for killing an ostrich is a camel. Camels have features similar to the ostrich. So, it is sacrifice
“And for a donkey and its jenny, mountain billy goat, old mountain billy goat and mountain goat it is a cow”: “Al-ayyil” is a male mountain billy goat. “Al-thaytil” is an old mountain billy goat and “al-w’al” is the general term for mountain goats. A cow is to be sacrificed as fidyah for killing these animals as they are alike. The cow is very much similar to the male and female donkey and the young and old mountain billy goats.
“For a hyena it is a ram”: This is because the hyena is considered a game whose meat is edible as proven by an authentic hadith. (Reported by Ahmad (3/318, 322), Abu Dawud (3801), al-Tirmidhi (851,1791), al-Nasa’i (5/191), (7/200) and Ibn Majah (3236,3085) from the narration of Jabir ibn Abdullah.) If a muhrim kills a hyena, it is wajib upon him to sacrifice a male sheep as fidyah as the animals are alike.
“For a gazelle it is a goat”: As the animals share common features.
“For the hyrax and desert lizard it is a kid. For the jerboa it is a male kid of a she-goat”: The hyrax is from the animals of the wilderness that are lawful to eat. The desert lizard is well known. The fidyah for hunting these two animals is to sacrifice a jadiyun, meaning the child of a she-goat, as its gait is similar to these two animals.
The jerboa is an animal with a small body that resembles a young she-goat.
“For a rabbit it is a female kid of a she-goat”: This is because the rabbit and the female kid of a she-goat are alike in many ways.
“For a pigeon it is a sheep”: Both these animals lap up water in a similar fashion when drinking it.
By Shaykh Salih ibn Fawzan al-Fawzan
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