20. THE EXPIATION FOR A BROKEN OATH
An expiation is obligatory for someone who swears and breaks an oath. If the swearer is entitled to expiate by the expenditure of property, it is permissible for him to do so before or after breaking the oath. But if it consists of fasting, then he may only do so after breaking the oath.
The expiation consists of (a choice of any) one of the following:
1. to free a sound Muslim slave;
2. to feed ten people who are (poor or) short of money each 0.51 liters of grain (though it is not a condition that it be grain, but rather the type of food payable for the zakat of ‘Eid al-Fitr, even if not grain (and the Hanafi school permits giving its value in money);
3. or to provide clothing of any kind for ten such persons, even if it consists of a wraparound or clothing previously washed, though not if ragged.
If one is unable to do any of the above, one must fast for three days. It is better to fast them consecutively, though permissible to do so nonconsecutively.
(Someone eligible to receive zakat funds or expiations because of being poor or short of money may expiate I broken oaths by fasting.)
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