109. THE HADITH OF JABIR CONCERNING THE HAJJ OF ALLAH’S MESSENGER
It is unique and distinctive in relating the rites of Hajj and we thought it correct to quote it at this juncture because it subsumes the Talbiyah and other rites of Hajj mentioned earlier and those that will be mentioned later. We relate its paths and wordings and we follow it with corroborations from Ahadeeth having similar meanings and help is sought from Allah.
Imam Ahmad related on the authority of Ja‘far Ibn Muhammad who narrated that “my father related to me: ‘We came to Jabir Ibn ‘Abdullah while he was with Banu Salimah, and we asked him concerning the Hajj of the Prophet and he narrated to us that: Allah’s Messenger, (Peace and Blessings of Allah be upon him), stayed in Madinah for nine years without performing Hajj. Then afterward (in the tenth year) he made a public announcement that Allah’s Messenger shall perform Hajj this year, a large number of people came to Madinah, all of them eager to emulate the Prophet and follow his actions’.”
Allah’s Messenger, (Peace and Blessings of Allah be upon him), set out ten days to the end of the month of Dhul-Qa‘dah and we accompanied him until we came to Dhul- Hulaifah when Asma’ Bint ‘Umais gave birth to Muhammad Ibn Abu Bakr. She sent a
message to the Messenger of Allah, (Peace and Blessings of Allah be upon him), asking him: “What should I do?” He (the Prophet) said: “Take a bath, place a bandage around your private parts, and place it on Ihram.”
The Messenger of Allah, (Peace and Blessings of Allah be upon him), set out until his camel stood upright with him on its back at Baida’. He pronounced the Oneness of Allah (saying): “Labbaik Allahumma labbaik, labbaika la shareeka Laka labbaik.
Innalhamda wan-ni‘mata Laka wal-mulk la shareeka Lak (Here I am responding to Your call, O Allah, Here I am. Here I am, You have no partner. All the praises and blessings are for You; all the sovereignty is for You; and You have no partners with You).” And the people also followed suit while they also added: “Dhal-Ma‘arij” (The Lord of the ways of ascent) and similar words while the Prophet was listening and yet he did not say anything (of objection) to them. I looked as far as I could see in front of Allah’s Messenger, (Peace and Blessings of Allah be upon him), riders and pedestrians, and similar throngs were behind him, on his right and his left.
Jabir continued: “The Messenger of Allah, may peace be upon him, was prominent among us and the revelation of the Holy Qur’an was descending upon him. It is he who knows its true significance. Whatever he did, we also did that. We continued, having no intention other than to perform Hajj, until we came to the Ka‘bah where he touched the pillar and made seven circuits jogging three of them and walking four. When he finished, he went to the Maqam-e-Ibrahim (Station of Ibrahim) to offer two Rak‘ahs of prayer and then recited: ‘And take you (people) the Maqam (place) of Ibrahim (or the stone on which Ibrahim stood while he was building the Ka‘bah) as a place of prayer (for some
of your prayers, e.g. two Raka‘ahs after the Tawaf of the Ka‘bah at Makkah) ‘.”
Abu ‘Abdullah (Ja‘afar – the sub-narrator) added: “He recited inboth units (of prayer) At-Tawheed (Soorah Al-Ikhlas) and Qul ya ayyuhal-Kafiroon (Soorah Al-Kafiroon). Then he went to kissthe Black Stone (Hajar Al-Aswad). Then he went to Safa and (as he reached near it) he recited: “Verily! As-Safa and Al-Marwah (two mountains in Makkah) are of the Symbols of Allah.” (AlBaqarah 2:158) and then added: “We begin with what Allah has begun.” Hefirst mounted Safa till he saw the House, and facing the Qiblah he extolled the greatness of Allah and then said: “La ilaha ill-Allah wahdahu la shareeka lahu lahul-mulk walahul-hamd wa Huwa a‘laa kulli shai‘in Qadeer. La ilaha ill-Allah anjaza wa‘dahu wa sadaqa a‘bdahu wa galabal-Ahzaba wahdahu (There is no deity worthy of worship (in truth) but Allah, the One, there is no partner with Him. His is the
Sovereignty; to Him praise is due and He is Powerful over everything. There is no deity worthy of worship (in truth) but Allah, Who fulfilled His promise, helped His servant and
overcame the confederates alone).” Then he supplicated and resumed these words and then descended until his feet came down in the bottom of the valley, where he began to jog,and when he began to ascend, he again started to walk until he reached Marwah. He ascended it, faced the House and he repeated what he said on Safa. When it was his seventh running at Marwah he said: “If I had known beforehand what I have come to know afterward, I would not have brought sacrificial animals and would have performed an ‘Umrah. So, he who among you has not a sacrificial animal with him should exit the Ihram and treat it as an ‘Umrah.” And all of the people exited from their Ihram.
Suraqah Ibn Malik Ibn Ju‘ashum, who was at the foot of Marwah, got up and asked: “O Messenger of Allah, does it apply to the present year, or does it apply forever?” Thereupon the Messenger of Allah, (Peace and Blessings of Allah be upon him), intertwined the fingers (of one hand) into another and said three times: “Forever.” And then he said: “The ‘Umrah has been incorporated into Hajj till the Day of Resurrection.”
‘Ali came from Yemen with the Hady, while the Prophet had also come with Hady, and found that Fatimah had exited from the Ihram and had put on dyed clothes and had applied antimony. ‘Ali showed disapproval of it, whereupon she said: “Allah’s Messenger has commanded me to do this.” The narrator said that ‘Ali used to say these words in Kufah (Ja‘afar narrated: my father said, words not mentioned by Jabir): “I went to the Messenger of Allah showing annoyance at Fatimah for what she had done, seeking the verdict of the Prophet regarding what she had narrated from him, and told him that I was angry with her, whereupon he said: ‘She has told the truth, she has told the truth, she has told the truth. I ordered her to do so’.” Jabir continued: Then Allah’s Messenger, (Peace and Blessings of Allah be upon him), said to ‘Ali: “What did you say when you intended to go for Hajj?” ‘Ali said: “O Allah, I am putting on the Ihram for the same purpose for which Your Messenger has put it on.” He said: “I have with me sacrificial animals, so do not exit from the Ihram.”
The total number of those sacrificial animals brought by ‘Ali from Yemen and of those brought by the Prophet were one hundred. Allah’s Messenger, (Peace and Blessings of Allah be upon him), slaughtered sixty-three with his own hands and then told ‘Ali to slaughter the remainder and make him partake in his Hady. He then commanded that a piece of flesh from each animal sacrificed should be put in a pot, and when it was cooked, both of them (the Prophet and ‘Ali) took some meat out of it and drank from its broth.
The Messenger of Allah, (Peace and Blessings of Allah be upon him), said: “I have slaughtered here and all of Mina is a place of slaughtering.” Then he stood on ‘Arafah and said: “I have stood here but all of ‘Arafah is a place for standing.” Then he stood at
Muzdalifah said: “I have stood here but all of Muzdalifah is a place for standing.” This is how Imam Ahmad has related this Hadith though he had summarized its concluding part. It is also related by Imam Muslim.
We had apprized that there are different additions in the wordings of Ahmad from that of Muslim up to the statementof Allah’s Messenger, (Peace and Blessings of Allah be upon him), to ‘Ali: “She has told the truth, she has told the truth, she has told the truth. I ordered her to do so. What did you say when you made an intention for Hajj?” ‘Ali said: “O Allah, I am putting on Ihram for the same purpose for which Your Messenger has put it on.” He said: “I have with me sacrificial animals, so do not exit from Ihram.”
Then all the people except the Prophet and those who had with them sacrificial animals, exited from their Ihram, and had their hair clipped. When it was the day of Tarwiyah (8th of Dhul- Hijjah) they went to Mina and put on Ihram for Hajj and the Messenger of Allah, (Peace and Blessings of Allah be upon him), rode and led the noon, afternoon, sunset, ‘Isha’ and dawn prayers. He then waited a little until the sun rose, and commanded that a tent be pitched at Namirah.
The Messenger of Allah, (Peace and Blessings of Allah be upon him), then set out and the Quraish believed that he would stop at Al-Mash‘ar Al-Haram (the sacred site) as the Quraish would do in the pre-Islamic period. The Messenger of Allah, (Peace and Blessings of Allah be upon him), however, continued until he came to ‘Arafah and found that the tent had been pitched for him at Namirah. There he alighted and stayed until the sun had passed the meridian; then he commanded that Al-Qaswa’ should be brought and saddled for him. He came to the bottom of the valley,and addressed the people saying: “Verily your blood, your property are as sacred and inviolable as the sacredness of this day of yours, in this month of yours, in this town of yours. Behold! Everything pertaining to the Days of Ignorance is under my feet completely abolished.
Abolished are also the blood-revenges of the Days of Ignorance. “The first claim of ours on blood-revenge which I abolish is that of the son of Rabee‘ah Ibn Al-Harith, who was nursed among the tribe of Sa’d and killed by Hudhail. The usury of the pre-Islamic period is abolished, and the first of our usury I abolish is that of ‘Abbas Ibn ‘Abdul-Muttalib, for it is all abolished. Fear Allah concerning women! Verily you have taken them on the security of Allah, and intercourse with them has been made lawful to you by the words of Allah. You have rights over them: they should not allow anyone to sit on your bed whom you don’t like. But if they do that, you can chastise them but not severely. Their rights upon you are that you should provide them with food and clothing in a fitting manner.
“I have left among you the Book of Allah, and if you hold fast to it, you would never go astray. You will be asked about me (on the Day of Resurrection), what would you say?”
The audience said: “We will bear witness that you have conveyed (the message), discharged (the responsibility of Prophethood) and given wise counsel.” The narrator said: The Prophet then raised his forefinger toward the sky and pointed it at the people (said): “O Allah, bear witness. O Allah, bear witness,” saying it three times.
Then Bilal pronounced the Adhan and then Iqamah and the Prophet led the noon prayer. Bilal again uttered the Iqamah and the Prophet led the afternoon prayer and he observed no other prayer between the two.
The Messenger of Allah, (Peace and Blessings of Allah be upon him), then mounted his camel and came to the place of stay, making his she-camel, AlQaswa’, turn toward the side where there were rocks, having the path taken by those who went on foot in front of him, and faced the Qiblah. He stood there until the sun set, and the yellow light had somewhat faded, and the disc of the sun had disappeared. He made Usamah sit behind him, and he pulled the nosestring of Al-Qaswa’ (in order to keep her under perfect control) so forcefully that its head touched the saddle, and he pointed out to the people with his right hand to be moderate in speed, and whenever he happened to pass over an elevated tract of sand, he slightly loosened the nose-string of his camel until she climbed up and this is how he reached Al-Muzdalifah.
He led the evening and ‘Isha’ prayers with one Adhan and two Iqamas and did not glorify (Allah) between them (i.e. he did not observe supererogatory Raka‘ahs between Maghreb and ‘Isha’ prayers). The Messenger of Allah, (Peace and Blessings of Allahbe upon him), then lay down until dawn and offered the dawn prayers, with an Adhan and Iqamah. When the morning light was clear, he again mounted Al-Qaswa’, and when he came to Al-Mash‘ar AlHaram, he faced toward the Qiblah, supplicated Allah, Glorified Him, and pronounced His Uniqueness (La ilaha ill-Allah) and Oneness, and stood until the daylight was very clear.
He then went quickly before the sun rose, and seated behind him was Al-Fadl Ibn ‘Abbas and he was a man having beautiful hair, a fair complexion, and a handsome face. As the Messenger of Allah, (Peace and Blessings of Allah be upon him), traveled on,a group of women also traveled on his side. Al-Fadl began to look at them. The Messenger of Allah, (Peace and Blessings of Allah be upon him), placed his hand on the face of Fadl who then turned his face to the other side; he again began to look and the Messenger of Allah, (Peace and Blessings of Allah be upon him), turned his hand to the other side and placed it on the face of Al-Fadl who again turned his face to the other side until he came to the bottom of Muhassir. He urged Al-Qaswa’ a little, and, following the middle road, which comes out at the Greatest Jamrah (Al-Kubra), he came to the Jamrah which is near the tree. At this he threw seven small pebbles, saying Allahu Akbar while throwing each one of them in a manner in which the small pebbles are thrown (with the help of fingers) and this he did at the bottom of the valley. He then went to the place of sacrifice, and sacrificed sixty-three (camels) with his own hand. Then he gave the remaining number to ‘Ali, may Allah be pleased with him, who sacrificed them, and he made him partake in his sacrifice. He then commanded that a piece of flesh from each animal sacrificed be put in a pot, and when it was cooked, both of them (the Prophet and ‘Ali) took some meat out of it and drank its broth. The Messenger of Allah, (Peace and Blessings of Allah be upon him), again rode and came to Ka’bah, and offered the Dhuhr prayers at Masjid Al-Haram. He came to the tribe of ‘Abdul-Muttalib, who were supplying water at Zamzam, and said: “Draw water, O Bani ‘Abdul-Muttalib; were it not that people would usurp this right of supplying water from you, I would have drawn it along with you.” So they handed him a bucket and he drank from it.
By: Ibn Katheer
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