1. INTRODUCTION
Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a disease characterized by a high level of blood sugar (i.e., glucose) that results from the failure of the body to produce sufficient insulin (type 1 diabetes) or from the inability to respond properly to the insulin that has been produced by the pancreas (type 2 diabetes) . The global prevalence of DM for all age groups was estimated at 2.8% in 2000, and is expected to rise to 4.4% in 2030 . A major part of this increase is expected to occur in Third World countries with the number of diabetics increasing to 35% in 2025 among those aged 20 years or older. Hyperglycemia is a metabolic disorder (i.e., the circulating blood glucose level is excessive in the blood plasma) that results from defects in insulin secretion, insulin action, or both. The function of insulin is to lower the level of blood glucose, which occurs especially after eating.
Chronic hyperglycemia is associated with long-term damage and with the dysfunction and failure of various organs especially the eyes, heart, nerves, kidneys, and blood vessels; it is linked with hypertension . However, metabolic control can be improved through diet and physical activity with or without antidiabetes drugs, which significantly decrease the risk of complications .
Camel milk achieves the nutritional requirements of the minor population in harsh and arid parts of Africa and Asia. It is common practice in these regions to recommend the consumption of camel milk in its fresh state or its sour state for the general treatment of diabetes . It is different from the
milks of other ruminants in that it does not form coagulum in an acidic environment . This is attributed to the low degree of phosphorylation of the caseins in camel milk . From a nutritional point of view, camel milk has a low cholesterol content and its fat primarily consists of polyunsaturated fatty acids that are completely homogenized and gives the milk a smooth white appearance. The lactose in camels milk exists in concentrations of 4.8%, but this milk sugar is surprisingly easily metabolized by people who have lactose intolerance. A possible explanation for this is that camel
milk produces less casomorphin, which provokes less intestinal motility; this would cause lactose to be more exposed to the action of lactase. Camel milk contains a low amount of blactoglobulin and b-casein. Because these two protein components are responsible for allergies, camel milk has little or no allergic effects . Furthermore, camel milk has higher antibacterial and antiviral properties than cow milk. This is partially because of the higher concentration of lactoferrin in camel milk (220 mg/L) than in cow milk (110 mg/L) and the higher concentration of lysozyme in camel milk (288 mg/100 mL) than in cow milk (13 mg/100 mL) [12e14]. In addition, camel milk has a higher level of lactoperoxidase, immunoglobulin G, and secretory immunoglobulin A with antimicrobial activity [12e14], and higher vitamin C content. Various research studies have been performed to examine the efficiency of camel milk to treat diabetes. The objective of this research was to review in vivo studies on the effect of camel milk as a potential therapy for controlling diabetes (type 1) and its complications such as high cholesterol level, liver and kidney disease, decreased oxidative stress, and delayed wound healing.
Source: Science Direct
Comments
John Doe
23/3/2019Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipisicing elit, sed do eiusmod tempor incididunt ut labore et dolore magna aliqua. Ut enim ad minim veniam, quis nostrud exercitation ullamco laboris nisi ut aliquip ex ea commodo consequat.
John Doe
23/3/2019Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipisicing elit, sed do eiusmod tempor incididunt ut labore et dolore magna aliqua. Ut enim ad minim veniam, quis nostrud exercitation ullamco laboris nisi ut aliquip ex ea commodo consequat.
John Doe
23/3/2019Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipisicing elit, sed do eiusmod tempor incididunt ut labore et dolore magna aliqua. Ut enim ad minim veniam, quis nostrud exercitation ullamco laboris nisi ut aliquip ex ea commodo consequat.