068- AL-QALAM
THE PEN
Al-Qalam is generally thought to be from the early Makkan period. It is reported that the early commentators Ibn ʿAbbās and al-Qatādah (d. 117/726) maintained that vv. 1–16, 34–47, and 51–52 are Makkan, while vv. 17–33 and 48–50 are Madinan. It takes its name from the mention of the pen in the first verse.
The first section of the sūrah (vv. 1–10) contrasts the natures of those who believe and those who disbelieve, indicating that many of the disbelievers will not know their true nature until the Day of Resurrection and Judgment. This is followed by a brief passage (vv. 11–16) cautioning the believers not to follow people of base character simply because of their worldly wealth. The third section (vv. 17–34) provides the parable of the owners of the garden, who lost their harvest because of their miserliness. The fourth section (vv. 35–47) returns to the contrast of the believers and the disbelievers, indicating the vacuity of the disbelievers’ position through a series of rhetorical questions. This is followed by a brief reference to the Prophet Jonah as an example of one who repented and was forgiven in full (vv. 48–50), a reminder to be wary of those who oppose revelation (v. 51), and an affirmation that the Quran (or the Prophet) is a reminder for all (v. 52).
(source: “The Study Quran” a new translation and commentary by Seyyed Hossein Nasr)
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