057- AL-HADID
IRON
Some scholars consider al-Ḥadīd Makkan, while most consider it Madinan. The sixth/twelfth-century commentator Ibn ʿAṭiyyah proposes a potential resolution to this dispute, saying that it has Madinan verses, but it appears that its middle part is Makkan. It takes its name from the phrase We sent down iron in v. 25. Al-Ḥadīd is the first in a group of five sūrahs known as “The Glorifiers” (al-Musabbiḥāt), meaning those sūrahs that begin with a glorification of God; the others are 59, 61, 62, and 64. According to a ḥadīth, “Within [the Glorifiers] there is a verse that is better than a thousand verses”. Some scholars are of the opinion that this ḥadīth refers to v. 3 of this sūrah, while others propose that it refers to the last verse of Sūrah 59, al-Ḥashr.
Al-Ḥadīd begins with six verses that emphasize the Omnipresence and Omnipotence of God. The next five verses (vv. 7–11) then enjoin belief in God and spending one’s wealth in the way of God. This is followed by four verses (vv. 12–15) that contrast the fate that awaits the believers and the hypocrites on the Day of Judgment. The fourth and longest section (vv. 16– 24) begins with a call in v. 16, which most say is to believers, to humble or soften their hearts to the remembrance of God. It then discusses the ephemerality of this world and the illusory nature of its delights, continuing the call to spend of one’s wealth from the second section and the contrast between believers and disbelievers from the third. The last section (vv. 25–29) extends the discussion to the People of the Book, criticizing them for having failed to be true to their prophets and calling upon them to believe in the prophethood of Muhammad.
(source: “The Study Quran” a new translation and commentary by Seyyed Hossein Nasr)
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