044- AL-DUKHAN
SMOKE
Al-Dukhān
Al-Dukhān is from the Makkan period, although v. 15 is considered by some to be from the Madinan period. It takes its name from the mention of the manifest smoke, which is said to cover people (vv. 10–11). Some see this sūrah as following upon the final verse of the previous sūrah, so that what soon they will know (43:89) is the reality of the clear Book (v. 2). The lament attributed to the Prophet Muhammad at the end of the previous sūrah, O my Lord, truly these are a people who believe not (43:88), is echoed in Moses’ condemnation of Pharaoh and his followers in v. 22: These are a guilty people.
Al-Dukhān opens with an oath upon the Quran and an allusion to the manner in which it was revealed and the nature of revelation (vv. 2–6). After a brief affirmation of God’s Omnipotence (vv. 7–8), the sūrah rebukes those who doubt and tells of the punishment that they will receive for having denied God’s messengers (vv. 9–16). This section is followed by an account of Moses, the manner in which Pharaoh and his followers rejected him, and a description of how the Israelites were delivered from oppression (vv. 17–33). After rebuking the disbelievers for denying the Resurrection and, like Pharaoh, exalting themselves (vv. 34–39), the sūrah tells of the Day of Resurrection (vv. 40–42) and contrasts the punishments of the denizens of Hell (vv. 43–50) with the rewards bestowed upon the reverent in Paradise (vv. 51–57). This is a well-known and oft-recited sūrah regarding which the Prophet is reported to have said, “Whosoever recites al-Dukhān during the night will greet the morning with seventy thousand angels asking forgiveness for him”
(source: “The Study Quran” a new translation and commentary by Seyyed Hossein Nasr)
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