031- LUQMĀN
LUQMĀN
Luqmān
Luqmān is believed to have been revealed during the Makkan period immediately after the previous surah, al-Rūm, although some maintain that vv. 27–29, perhaps the most frequently cited verses of the surah, were revealed during the Madinan period. The surah takes its name from the mention of the sage or prophet Luqmān (vv. 12–13), who conveys wisdom to his son (vv. 13, 16–19). The beginning of the surah can be seen as flowing directly from the last verse of the previous surah in that being steadfast in adhering to the Wise Book (v. 2) and following its guidance are what prevent one from being disquieted, while following idle discourse (v. 6) will lead to disquiet. The observation in v. 7 that the disbelievers turn away from God’s signs as if they do not hear also echoes the assertion in 30:52 that the Prophet cannot cause the deaf to hear.
The focus of this surah is upon worship, obedience, and gratitude. Luqmān enjoins his son to recognize the Greatness of God, His Oneness, and the need to worship only Him. As in several other passages, this injunction is linked to obedience and gratitude toward parents, so long as they do not challenge one’s allegiance to God. In this teaching one can see an important component of the Quranic social message: people should support the community and maintain familial allegiances, but not to the detriment of their relationship with God. The surah closes with a warning that neither parent nor child can help one another on the Day of Judgment (v. 33).
(source: “The Study Quran” a new translation and commentary by Seyyed Hossein Nasr)
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