014- IBRĀHĪM
ABRAHAM
Ibrāhīm
Ibrāhīm is the fifth in a series of six sūrahs whose opening verses include the letters alif, lām, and rāʾ, and which speak of the Book. It is said to have been revealed in Makkah, with the exception of vv. 28–29, which belong to the Madinan period, as these two verses are usually considered to refer to the Battle of Badr (My). This sūrah takes its name from the mention of an episode in the life of Abraham (vv. 35–41) in which he prays for the security of Makkah, protection from idolatry for himself and his children, prosperity for his progeny, and forgiveness for his parents and all believers on the Last Day.
Among the key themes of this sūrah is the stark difference between gratitude and ingratitude for God’s Blessings (see vv. 5, 7–8, 28, 32–34, 37), the importance of patience (vv. 5, 12) and trust in God (vv. 11–12), and the terrible nature of God’s Chastisement, whether in this world or in the next (vv. 16–17, 29–31, 42–44, 48–50). Another important teaching to be found throughout this sūrah is that those who prefer the life of this world over the Hereafter will end up as losers in the next life.
Such people are typified by those who reject God’s messengers (vv. 3, 9–10, 28–30), are ungrateful to God for the many blessings that He has given to them (vv. 17–18), take partners alongside God (v. 30), and succumb to Satan’s false promises (v. 22). The sūrah also emphasizes the importance of prophecy as a means of guiding people out of darkness into light (vv. 1, 5), but notes that whether they are guided or not is ultimately in God’s Hands (vv. 4, 21, 27, 37).
(source: “The Study Quran” a new translation and commentary by Seyyed Hossein Nasr)
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